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India is a federal state with
a parliamentary form of government. It is governed under the 1949
constitution (effective since Jan., 1950). The president of India is
elected for a five-year term by the elected members of the federal and
state parliaments. Theoretically the president possesses full
executive power, but that power actually is exercised by the prime
minister (head of the majority party in the federal Parliament) and
council of ministers (which includes the cabinet), who are appointed
by the president. The ministers are responsible to the lower house of
Parliament (Lok Sabha) and must be members of Parliament.
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